Cardio Protective Effects of Hydroalcholic Citrus Aurantium Extract on Myocardial Infarction Induced by Isoproterenol in Male Rats

Although clinical care has been amended, public awareness elevated and health innovations are commonly used, Myocardial infarction [1] still remains the prominent cause of death worldwide [1]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it will be the most important cause of death in the world by the year 2020 [2]. MI is one of the usual forms of ischemic heart disease. The principle contributing factor in pathophysiologic condition of myocardial ischemia is disproportion in myocardial oxygen supply and demand. During myocardial ischemia, a wide range of cellular metabolic errors and structures damage mechanical dysfunction of myocardium by production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species leading to destruction of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates as well as a variety of membrane lipids and subsequent cell deaths [3]. So, by considering the correlation with the pathogenesis of coronary artery diseases, oxidative stress accelerates generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduces antioxidant defenses [4]. Isoproterenol, a synthetic β-adrenoceptor agonist, has been found to induce MI in rats as an outcome of disorder in physiological balance between creation of free radicals and the antioxidant defense system [5]. It is the acute form of myocardial necrosis which sources cardiac malfunctions, increased lipid peroxidation, changed activities of cardiac enzymes and antioxidants [6]. Cardiac muscle necrosis induced by ISO, involves membrane permeability changes that produce loss of function and integrity of the cell membrane. Use of ISO drains the energy reserves of myocardial cells and complex biochemical and structural changes producing cell injury, which is preface to necrosis [7].